Analyzing 47 randomized controlled trials, multicomponent exercise programs paired with nutritional support delivered the strongest gains in older adults' physical function. Hand grip strength improved by 6.39 points when combining exercise with nutrition versus controls, while resistance training plus nutrition yielded 3.63 points. For mobility, multicomponent programs reduced the Timed Up and Go test by 1.88 seconds compared to controls. This network meta-analysis represents the most comprehensive comparison of exercise modalities for aging populations to date. The findings validate what gerontologists have long suspected: targeting multiple physiological systems simultaneously amplifies benefits beyond what either intervention achieves alone. The effect sizes suggest clinically meaningful improvements that could delay frailty onset and preserve independence. However, the heterogeneity across studies limits precision in defining optimal protocols. The research reinforces that preventing age-related decline requires multifaceted approaches rather than exercise or nutrition in isolation. For aging adults, these results strongly support comprehensive wellness programs that integrate structured physical activity with targeted nutritional interventions, particularly adequate protein and vitamin D.